Medsarticles. Medical Weblog

Untreated, it can lead to heart failure, where the heart fails in its action as a pump and the blood is no longer pushed efficiently through the lungs and kidneys. The person becomes short of breath and fluid may be retained in the tissues, leading to oedema (swelling).

High blood pressure may damage the kidneys and lead to their failure and cause secondary effects which push up the pressure even further.

Damage to the arteries from the raised pressure is widespread throughout the body and, in the eye, may lead to impaired vision from small haemorrhages or a clot or thrombosis in the retinal vessels.

Damage to the arteries supplying the brain can cause strokes. Transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) occur when there is spasm or actual blockage of small cerebral arteries. These are like minor strokes but the symptoms do not persist.

A clot in a major brain artery causes a stroke or cerebro-vascular accident (CVA). Partial recovery from the paralysis, which is the main symptom, is usual.

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